AP US History AMSCO Guided Notes
5.9: Government Policies During the Civil War
AMSCO Guided Notes
AP US History Guided Notes
AMSCO 5.9 - Government Policies During the Civil War
Learning Objectives
- Explain how Lincoln's leadership during the Civil War impacted American ideals over the course of the war
I. Presidential Power and Authority
1. What unprecedented actions did Lincoln take immediately after Fort Sumter without congressional authorization?
2. How did Lincoln justify his expansion of presidential power during the Civil War?
II. The End of Slavery
1. What concerns prevented Lincoln from taking immediate action against slavery despite opposing it?
A. Confiscation Acts
1. How did General Benjamin Butler's decision regarding escaped enslaved people lead to the Confiscation Acts?
2. What did the two Confiscation Acts authorize the Union government to do regarding enslaved people?
3. How did the Confiscation Acts affect both the Union war effort and the Confederacy's ability to sustain itself?
B. Emancipation Proclamation
1. Why did Lincoln delay announcing his decision to free enslaved people in Confederate states?
2. What did the Emancipation Proclamation accomplish and what were its limitations?
1. Consequences
1. How did the Emancipation Proclamation change the purpose and scope of the Civil War?
C. African Americans in the War
1. How many African Americans served in the Union military and what impact did their service have on the war effort?
III. Effects of the War on Civilian Life
A. Political Change
1. What were the major political factions in the North during the Civil War and what did each group support?
B. Civil Liberties
1. What did Lincoln's suspension of habeas corpus allow the government to do and how many people were affected?
2. How did the Supreme Court's decision in Ex Parte Milligan address the government's treatment of civilians during the war?
C. The Draft
1. What provisions of the 1863 Conscription Act allowed wealthy men to avoid military service?
2. Why did the draft provoke violent opposition among poorer laborers and what was the result?
D. The Election of 1864
1. How did the Republicans' strategy of renaming their party and selecting Andrew Johnson as running mate affect the 1864 election?
E. Political Dominance of the North
1. How did the Union's military victory change the balance of power between the federal government and the states?
2. What did Lincoln mean by a "new birth of freedom" in the Gettysburg Address and how did it relate to the war's outcome?
IV. Economic Change
A. Financing the War
1. What methods did the Union government use to finance the war and what economic consequences resulted?
2. Why did Congress create a national banking system in 1863 and what did this represent?
B. Modernizing Northern Society
1. How did the war accelerate the development of a modern industrial economy in the North?
2. What were the four major Republican economic programs passed during the war and what did each accomplish?
3. How did the Homestead Act and Morrill Land Grant Act benefit different groups and what were their long-term effects?
V. Assassination of Lincoln
1. What was the significance of Lincoln's assassination in April 1865 and how did it affect the nation's future?
Key Terms
greenbacks
Morrill Tariff Act
Morrill Land Grant Act
federal land grants
Pacific Railway Act
Homestead Act (1862)
habeas corpus
Confiscation Acts
Emancipation Proclamation
Ex Parte Milligan
Copperheads
Gettysburg Address
Massachusetts 54th Regiment