AP European History AMSCO Guided Notes
2.8: Causation in the Age of Reformation and the Wars of Religion
AMSCO Guided Notes
AP European History Guided Notes
AMSCO 2.8 - Causation in the Age of Reformation and the Wars of Religion
Essential Questions
- How did the religious, political, and cultural developments of the 16th and 17th centuries affect European society?
I. Religious Pluralism Causes a Divided Europe
1. What were the main criticisms that Protestant reformers like Martin Luther and John Calvin made about the Roman Catholic Church?
2. How did the Catholic Reformation attempt to respond to the challenge posed by Protestant reformers?
3. How did religious conflicts between Protestants and Catholics lead to political and economic conflicts within and among European states?
II. The Religious Wars Cause a Struggle for Sovereignty
1. What was the Peace of Westphalia and how did it change the political structure of Europe?
2. How did the development of secular systems of law and sovereign states affect the role of religious institutions in European governance?
III. Commercial and Agricultural Capitalism Causes Societal Changes
1. How did the emergence of commercial and agricultural capitalism in the 16th and 17th centuries transform European cities and populations?
2. How did people respond to religious upheaval and social change during the Reformation era?
3. What continuities with the Middle Ages persisted even as European society underwent significant economic and religious changes?