President Clinton

President Bill Clinton was the 42nd U.S. president (1993-2001), a 'New Democrat' whose two terms featured a booming economy, NAFTA, welfare reform, and impeachment, setting the stage for the contested 2000 election and the 21st-century challenges covered in APUSH Topic 9.6.

Verified for the 2027 AP US History examLast updated June 2026

What is President Clinton?

Bill Clinton served as the 42nd President of the United States from 1993 to 2001. He branded himself a 'New Democrat,' meaning he pulled his party toward the center after twelve years of Republican presidents (Reagan and George H.W. Bush). That centrism showed up in policy. He pushed NAFTA through Congress in 1993, signed welfare reform in 1996, and presided over budget surpluses during the dot-com economic boom.

His presidency also showcased the political polarization that defines Unit 9. His healthcare initiative failed, Republicans took Congress in 1994, and in 1998 the House impeached him over the Lewinsky scandal (the Senate acquitted him). Clinton's two terms end right at the doorstep of Topic 9.6. The disputed 2000 election, the rise of Al-Qaeda during the 1990s, and the September 11 attacks all sit immediately downstream of his presidency, which is why he matters as context even though the CED's essential knowledge for 9.6 centers on what came after him.

Why President Clinton matters in APUSH

Clinton lives in Unit 9 (Globalization and Contemporary America, 1980-Present) and connects most directly to Topic 9.6, Challenges of the 21st Century, supporting learning objective APUSH 9.6.A on the causes and effects of domestic and international challenges. Here's the move APUSH wants you to make. Clinton's era is the 'before' picture. The globalized economy NAFTA accelerated, the partisan warfare his impeachment crystallized, and the terrorist threat that grew during the 1990s all become the causes behind the 21st-century effects in KC-9.3.II (the war on terror, civil liberties debates, conflicts in the Middle East). He also extends the Unit 9 theme of the conservative turn in American politics. When a Democratic president signs welfare reform and declares 'the era of big government is over,' that's evidence of how far Reagan-era ideas had moved the political center.

How President Clinton connects across the course

NAFTA (Unit 9)

Clinton signed NAFTA in 1993, locking the U.S. into the globalization story that anchors Unit 9. It's your best single piece of evidence that free-trade economics had become bipartisan by the 1990s, since a Democrat pushed through a deal negotiated under a Republican.

Welfare Reform (Unit 9)

The 1996 welfare reform law replaced the New Deal-era guarantee of aid with work requirements and time limits. A Democrat dismantling part of the welfare state is the clearest proof that the conservative resurgence reshaped what both parties considered politically possible.

2000 Presidential Election (Unit 9)

Clinton's presidency ends with the razor-thin, Supreme Court-decided contest between his vice president Al Gore and George W. Bush. That election hands off directly to Topic 9.6, because Bush's presidency owns 9/11, Afghanistan, and Iraq.

Impeachment (Units 5 and 9)

Clinton was only the second president ever impeached, after Andrew Johnson in 1868. That's a built-in continuity-and-change comparison across periods, and in both cases the Senate acquitted, so impeachment removed neither man from office.

Is President Clinton on the APUSH exam?

Clinton shows up as context, not usually as the star. Multiple-choice questions on the 1990s and 2000s often use a Clinton-era excerpt (a speech on NAFTA, welfare reform, or the budget) and ask you to identify the broader trend it reflects, like globalization or the rightward shift of political debate. No released FRQ has asked about Clinton by name, but he's strong outside evidence for long essays on continuity and change in the role of the federal government, the conservative resurgence after 1980, or causes of 21st-century challenges under APUSH 9.6.A. The skill you need is connecting him to trends. Don't just say 'Clinton was impeached'; explain that the impeachment fight reflects deepening partisan polarization that carries into the 2000s.

President Clinton vs Andrew Johnson's impeachment

Clinton (1998) and Andrew Johnson (1868) are the two presidents impeached during the APUSH timeline, and both were acquitted by the Senate. Don't mix up the causes. Johnson was impeached over Reconstruction-era conflicts with Congress, especially violating the Tenure of Office Act. Clinton was impeached for perjury and obstruction of justice tied to the Lewinsky scandal. Also remember that Nixon was never impeached; he resigned in 1974 before the House could vote.

Key things to remember about President Clinton

  • Bill Clinton was the 42nd president, serving from 1993 to 2001, and governed as a centrist 'New Democrat' after twelve years of Republican presidents.

  • Clinton signed NAFTA in 1993 and welfare reform in 1996, showing that conservative-leaning economic ideas had reshaped even the Democratic Party's agenda.

  • His presidency coincided with the dot-com boom and federal budget surpluses, making the 1990s an era of prosperity alongside sharp political polarization.

  • The House impeached Clinton in 1998 over the Lewinsky scandal, but the Senate acquitted him, making him the second impeached president after Andrew Johnson.

  • Clinton's era is the lead-up to Topic 9.6, since the 2000 election, the growth of Al-Qaeda, and the 9/11 attacks all follow directly from the 1990s.

  • Use Clinton as evidence for continuity-and-change arguments about globalization, the role of the federal government, and partisan polarization in Unit 9.

Frequently asked questions about President Clinton

What did President Clinton do, for APUSH purposes?

Clinton served from 1993 to 2001 and signed NAFTA (1993) and welfare reform (1996), presided over the 1990s economic boom and budget surpluses, and was impeached by the House in 1998 before being acquitted by the Senate. APUSH treats him as evidence of globalization and the centrist shift in 1990s politics.

Was Clinton removed from office when he was impeached?

No. The House impeached him in 1998 on perjury and obstruction charges, but the Senate acquitted him in 1999, so he finished his full second term. Impeachment is the charge, not the removal, and no U.S. president has ever been removed by a Senate conviction.

How is Clinton's impeachment different from Nixon and Watergate?

Nixon was never actually impeached; he resigned in August 1974 once removal looked certain after Watergate. Clinton was formally impeached by the House in 1998 but acquitted by the Senate. If an exam question mentions resignation, it's Nixon; if it mentions acquittal, it's Clinton or Andrew Johnson.

Was Clinton president during 9/11?

No. Clinton left office in January 2001, and the September 11 attacks happened eight months later under George W. Bush. But Al-Qaeda grew during the 1990s, so Clinton's presidency is the background to the war on terror covered in Topic 9.6.

Why did a Democrat like Clinton sign welfare reform and NAFTA?

Clinton's 'New Democrat' strategy moved the party toward the center after the Reagan era shifted American politics rightward. Signing the 1996 welfare reform law and NAFTA shows how the conservative resurgence changed what both parties supported, which is a core Unit 9 argument.