Volume (V): Volume is the amount of space occupied by an object or material. It is related to thickness because as thickness increases, so does volume.
Density (ρ): Density is the mass per unit volume of a substance. It relates to thickness because if two objects have the same volume but different masses, their thicknesses will also differ.
Surface Area (A): Surface area refers to the total area covered by all sides of an object. It is related to thickness because as thickness increases, surface area may change depending on the shape and dimensions of the object.