Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated August 2025
Verified for the 2027 exam
Verified for the 2027 exam•Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated August 2025
Definition
An African American abolitionist and emigrationist who embraced Black nationalism and promoted Black unity, pride, and self-determination as paths to freedom.
AP course connection
Topic 2.18: 2.18 Debates About Emigration, Colonization, and Belonging in America