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đŸ’ƒđŸœSpanish II Unit 11 Review

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11.1 Imperfect Tense Conjugations (Regular and Irregular)

11.1 Imperfect Tense Conjugations (Regular and Irregular)

Written by the Fiveable Content Team ‱ Last updated August 2025
Written by the Fiveable Content Team ‱ Last updated August 2025
đŸ’ƒđŸœSpanish II
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The imperfect tense in Spanish helps us describe ongoing or repeated actions in the past. It's like painting a picture of what used to happen or how things were back then. Regular verbs follow simple patterns, while irregular ones have their own unique forms.

Mastering imperfect conjugations opens up a world of storytelling in Spanish. You'll be able to set the scene, describe habits, and talk about how things used to be. It's a key tool for bringing past experiences to life in your conversations.

Conjugating Regular Verbs in the Imperfect Tense

Formation and Usage of the Imperfect Tense

  • Remove the -ar, -er, or -ir infinitive ending and add the appropriate imperfect tense endings
    • -aba, -abas, -aba, -ĂĄbamos, -abais, -aban for -ar verbs (hablar - hablaba)
    • -Ă­a, -Ă­as, -Ă­a, -Ă­amos, -Ă­ais, -Ă­an for -er and -ir verbs (comer - comĂ­a, vivir - vivĂ­a)
  • The accent mark is placed on the last vowel of the imperfect tense ending for -er and -ir verbs in all forms except for the first and second person plural (nosotros and vosotros)
  • Describe past actions that were habitual, repeated, or ongoing (Cada dĂ­a, yo estudiaba durante tres horas)
  • Set the scene in the past or describe physical and emotional states (El cielo estaba nublado y hacĂ­a frĂ­o)

Common Regular Verbs in the Imperfect Tense

  • -ar verbs
    • hablar (hablaba) - to speak
    • estudiar (estudiaba) - to study
    • trabajar (trabajaba) - to work
    • caminar (caminaba) - to walk
  • -er verbs
    • comer (comĂ­a) - to eat
    • beber (bebĂ­a) - to drink
    • leer (leĂ­a) - to read
    • aprender (aprendĂ­a) - to learn
  • -ir verbs
    • vivir (vivĂ­a) - to live
    • escribir (escribĂ­a) - to write
    • abrir (abrĂ­a) - to open
    • recibir (recibĂ­a) - to receive

Common Irregular Verbs in the Imperfect Tense

The Three Most Common Irregular Verbs

  • ir (to go)
    • iba, ibas, iba, Ă­bamos, ibais, iban
    • Ella iba al parque todos los dĂ­as
  • ver (to see)
    • veĂ­a, veĂ­as, veĂ­a, veĂ­amos, veĂ­ais, veĂ­an
    • Yo veĂ­a la televisiĂłn por la noche
  • ser (to be)
    • era, eras, era, Ă©ramos, erais, eran
    • Ellos eran muy felices en su niñez

Other Common Irregular Verbs

  • hacer (to do, to make)
    • hacĂ­a, hacĂ­as, hacĂ­a, hacĂ­amos, hacĂ­ais, hacĂ­an
    • Nosotros hacĂ­amos la tarea juntos
  • querer (to want)
    • querĂ­a, querĂ­as, querĂ­a, querĂ­amos, querĂ­ais, querĂ­an
    • TĂș querĂ­as ir al cine, pero no tenĂ­as dinero
  • saber (to know)
    • sabĂ­a, sabĂ­as, sabĂ­a, sabĂ­amos, sabĂ­ais, sabĂ­an
    • Yo no sabĂ­a la respuesta a la pregunta
  • tener (to have)
    • tenĂ­a, tenĂ­as, tenĂ­a, tenĂ­amos, tenĂ­ais, tenĂ­an
    • Ellos tenĂ­an muchos amigos en la escuela

Verbs with Unique Stems in the Imperfect Tense

  • decir (to say, to tell)
    • decĂ­a, decĂ­as, decĂ­a, decĂ­amos, decĂ­ais, decĂ­an
    • Mi abuelo siempre me decĂ­a historias interesantes
  • venir (to come)
    • venĂ­a, venĂ­as, venĂ­a, venĂ­amos, venĂ­ais, venĂ­an
    • Mis primos venĂ­an a visitarnos cada verano

Stem-Changing Patterns in the Imperfect Tense

Common Stem-Changing Patterns

  • e to i stem change
    • pedir (to ask for) - pedĂ­a, pedĂ­as, pedĂ­a, pedĂ­amos, pedĂ­ais, pedĂ­an
    • seguir (to follow) - seguĂ­a, seguĂ­as, seguĂ­a, seguĂ­amos, seguĂ­ais, seguĂ­an
    • servir (to serve) - servĂ­a, servĂ­as, servĂ­a, servĂ­amos, servĂ­ais, servĂ­an
  • o to u stem change
    • dormir (to sleep) - dormĂ­a, dormĂ­as, dormĂ­a, dormĂ­amos, dormĂ­ais, dormĂ­an
    • morir (to die) - morĂ­a, morĂ­as, morĂ­a, morĂ­amos, morĂ­ais, morĂ­an
    • poder (to be able to) - podĂ­a, podĂ­as, podĂ­a, podĂ­amos, podĂ­ais, podĂ­an

Verbs with Both Stem Changes and Unique Stems

  • preferir (to prefer)
    • preferĂ­a, preferĂ­as, preferĂ­a, preferĂ­amos, preferĂ­ais, preferĂ­an
    • Yo preferĂ­a el helado de chocolate al de vainilla
  • sentir (to feel)
    • sentĂ­a, sentĂ­as, sentĂ­a, sentĂ­amos, sentĂ­ais, sentĂ­an
    • Ella sentĂ­a una gran tristeza despuĂ©s de la pĂ©rdida de su mascota
  • It is important to recognize the stem-changing patterns and memorize the conjugations of these irregular verbs in the imperfect tense to ensure accurate communication in Spanish