Base sequence

Definition

A base sequence is the order of nucleotide bases in a DNA or RNA molecule. It determines the genetic information carried by that molecule.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The sequence of bases (adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine) in DNA encodes genetic instructions.
2. In RNA, uracil replaces thymine as one of the four nucleotide bases.
3. The base sequence is read in sets of three nucleotides called codons during protein synthesis.
4. Mutations in the base sequence can lead to changes in protein function and are a source of genetic diversity.
5. Complementary base pairing (A-T and C-G) ensures accurate replication and transcription.

Review Questions

Related terms

Nucleotide:

The basic building block of DNA and RNA, consisting of a sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base.

Codon:

A set of three nucleotide bases in mRNA that specify an amino acid or a stop signal during translation.

Mutation:

A change in the base sequence of DNA that may alter gene function or expression.