Tetracyclines

Definition

Tetracyclines are a class of broad-spectrum antibiotics effective against a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. They inhibit bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Tetracyclines are commonly used to treat respiratory and urogenital infections caused by susceptible bacteria.
2. These antibiotics can cause teeth discoloration in children and should not be used during pregnancy.
3. Tetracycline resistance can emerge through mechanisms such as efflux pumps and ribosomal protection proteins.
4. Doxycycline is a widely-used tetracycline that has better absorption and fewer side effects compared to older tetracyclines.
5. Tetracyclines should not be taken with dairy products or antacids, as these can interfere with their absorption.

Review Questions

• How do tetracyclines inhibit bacterial growth?
• What are some common infections treated with tetracyclines?
• What precautions should be taken when using tetracyclines?

Related terms

Macrolides:

A class of antibiotics that inhibit bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit.

Beta-lactams: A class of antibiotics that target bacterial cell wall synthesis, including penicillins and cephalosporins.

Efflux Pumps:

Mechanisms used by bacteria to expel antimicrobial agents from the cell, contributing to antibiotic resistance.