Efflux pumps are membrane proteins that actively export harmful substances out of microbial cells, contributing to antibiotic resistance. They play a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis by removing toxic compounds.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
Efflux pumps can transport a wide variety of substrates including antibiotics, heavy metals, and detergents.
They contribute significantly to multidrug resistance (MDR) in bacteria by expelling multiple types of antibiotics.
Efflux pumps are powered by ATP or the proton motive force, depending on their specific type.
Genes encoding efflux pumps can be located on both chromosomal DNA and plasmids, facilitating horizontal gene transfer.
Inhibiting efflux pump activity is a potential strategy for overcoming antibiotic resistance.