Proteins

Definition

Proteins are large, complex molecules composed of amino acids that perform a vast array of functions within living organisms. They are essential for the structure, function, and regulation of the body's tissues and organs.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Proteins are made up of 20 different amino acids.
2. Enzymes, which are proteins, catalyze biochemical reactions necessary for life.
3. Antibodies are specialized proteins that play a critical role in the immune response by identifying and neutralizing pathogens.
4. Protein structure is organized into four levels: primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures.
5. Proteins can be denatured by changes in pH or temperature, leading to loss of function.

Review Questions

• What are the building blocks of proteins?
• How do enzymes facilitate biochemical reactions?
• In what ways do antibodies contribute to the immune system?

Related terms

Amino Acids:

Organic compounds that combine to form proteins.

Enzymes: Proteins that act as biological catalysts to speed up chemical reactions.

Antibodies:

Proteins produced by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects like bacteria and viruses.