Praziquantel

Definition

Praziquantel is an antiparasitic medication used to treat infections caused by various species of parasitic worms, specifically schistosomiasis and liver flukes. It works by causing severe spasms and paralysis of the worms' muscles, leading to their death.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Praziquantel is effective against a wide range of parasitic flatworms, including Schistosoma species.
2. The drug increases the permeability of the cell membranes of parasites to calcium ions, resulting in muscular contractions and paralysis.
3. It is commonly used in the treatment of helminthic infections affecting the gastrointestinal tract, circulatory system, and sometimes the nervous system.
4. Side effects may include dizziness, headache, and abdominal pain, which are usually transient.
5. Praziquantel is often administered in a single oral dose but may vary depending on the type and severity of infection.

Review Questions

• What types of parasitic infections are primarily treated with praziquantel?
• Describe the mechanism by which praziquantel affects parasitic worms.
• What are some common side effects associated with praziquantel?

Related terms

Schistosomiasis: An infection caused by Schistosoma species that affects the urinary and intestinal tracts.

Anthelmintic: A type of drug used to treat infections caused by helminths (parasitic worms).

Liver Flukes: Parasitic flatworms that infect the liver and bile ducts of various mammals, including humans.