Microbiology

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Interferons

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Microbiology

Definition

Interferons are proteins produced by host cells in response to pathogens, such as viruses, bacteria, and parasites. They play a crucial role in the immune response by interfering with viral replication and modulating the immune system.

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5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. Interferons are part of the body's innate immune response.
  2. They are classified into three main types: Type I (α and β), Type II (γ), and Type III (λ).
  3. Type I interferons primarily help in controlling viral infections.
  4. Type II interferon, or IFN-γ, is mainly involved in activating macrophages and enhancing the antigen presentation process.
  5. Interferons can be used therapeutically to treat various conditions such as multiple sclerosis, hepatitis B and C, and certain cancers.

Review Questions

  • What are the primary functions of Type I interferons?
  • How does IFN-γ contribute to the immune response?
  • Name two clinical applications of interferon therapy.
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