Erythromycin

Definition

Erythromycin is a macrolide antibiotic that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit. It is effective against a wide range of Gram-positive and some Gram-negative bacteria.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Erythromycin is often used as an alternative for patients allergic to penicillin.
2. It is commonly prescribed for respiratory tract infections, skin infections, and sexually transmitted infections like chlamydia.
3. The mechanism of action involves inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit.
4. Resistance to erythromycin can occur via methylation of the ribosomal binding site or efflux pumps.
5. Side effects may include gastrointestinal issues such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.

Review Questions

• How does erythromycin inhibit bacterial growth?
• What types of infections is erythromycin commonly used to treat?
• What are two mechanisms by which bacteria can develop resistance to erythromycin?

Related terms

Macrolides:

A class of antibiotics that includes erythromycin, characterized by their macrocyclic lactone rings.

Ribosome:

The cellular machinery responsible for protein synthesis, targeted by many antibiotics.

Antibiotic Resistance:

The ability of bacteria to withstand the effects of an antibiotic through various mechanisms.