🦠microbiology review
key term - Ribosome
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Definition
Ribosomes are molecular machines within cells that facilitate the translation of mRNA into proteins. They consist of rRNA and proteins, forming two subunits that join during protein synthesis.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
- Ribosomes can be found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, though they differ slightly in size and composition.
- They have two subunits: a larger one and a smaller one, which come together during translation.
- Ribosomes read mRNA sequences and translate them into polypeptide chains by linking amino acids in the order specified by the mRNA.
- In prokaryotes, ribosomes are 70S (composed of 50S and 30S subunits), while in eukaryotes, they are 80S (composed of 60S and 40S subunits).
- Ribosomes can be free-floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum, forming rough ER.
Review Questions
- What are the main components of ribosomes?
- How do ribosomal subunits differ between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
- What is the primary function of ribosomes during protein synthesis?
"Ribosome" also found in:
Subjects (19)
- AP Biology
- Anatomy and Physiology I
- Biochemistry
- Bioinformatics
- Biological Chemistry I
- Biology for Non-STEM Majors
- Cell Biology
- Cell and Tissue Engineering
- Chemical Basis of Bioengineering I
- General Biology I
- General Genetics
- Honors Biology
- Intro to Biotechnology
- Intro to Computational Biology
- Molecular Biology
- Organic Chemistry
- Organic Chemistry II
- Synthetic Biology
- Systems Biology
