Dendritic cells

Definition

Dendritic cells are specialized antigen-presenting cells that play a crucial role in the initiation of the immune response. They capture, process, and present antigens to T cells, thereby bridging innate and adaptive immunity.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Dendritic cells are essential for the activation of naïve T cells.
2. They possess high levels of surface MHC class II molecules crucial for antigen presentation.
3. Dendritic cells can be found in tissues in contact with the external environment such as skin and mucosa.
4. They undergo maturation upon encountering pathogens, enhancing their ability to stimulate T cells.
5. In organ transplantation, dendritic cells can contribute to graft rejection by presenting donor antigens to recipient T cells.

Review Questions

• What is the primary function of dendritic cells in the immune system?
• How do dendritic cells bridge innate and adaptive immunity?
• Why are dendritic cells significant in the context of organ transplantation?

Related terms

Macrophages:

Phagocytic white blood cells that engulf pathogens and present antigens to T cells.

T Cells:

A type of lymphocyte that plays a central role in cell-mediated immunity.

Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC):

A set of cell surface proteins essential for acquired immune system's recognition of foreign molecules.