Dendritic cells

Definition

Dendritic cells are a type of antigen-presenting cell that play a crucial role in the activation of T-cells. They capture antigens from pathogens and present them on their surface to initiate an adaptive immune response.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Dendritic cells are found in tissues that are in contact with the external environment, such as the skin and mucous membranes.
2. They mature after capturing antigens and migrate to lymph nodes to present these antigens to T-cells.
3. Dendritic cells express high levels of MHC class II molecules, which are essential for presenting antigens to helper T-cells.
4. They also produce cytokines that help shape the adaptive immune response by influencing T-cell differentiation.
5. Immature dendritic cells act as sentinels in peripheral tissues, constantly sampling their environment for pathogens.

Review Questions

• Where are dendritic cells commonly found within the body?
• What is the primary function of dendritic cells in the immune system?
• How do dendritic cells contribute to the activation of T-cells?

Related terms

T-cell: one of the main types of lymphocytes involved in the adaptive immune response, recognizing and responding to specific antigens presented by APCs

MHC Class II Molecules: proteins on antigen-presenting cells that display processed antigens for recognition by helper T-cells

Cytokines:

signaling proteins released by cells, especially immune cells, that affect the behavior of other cells and regulate immunity