Hornfels is a fine-grained metamorphic rock that forms through the contact metamorphism of shale or other sedimentary rocks due to high temperatures and pressures. This rock is characterized by its dense, hard texture and often exhibits a variety of colors due to the mineral composition, which can include quartz, feldspar, and mica. The unique formation process of hornfels highlights the significance of temperature and pressure in metamorphic transformations.
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