General Biology I

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Proteins

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General Biology I

Definition

Proteins are large, complex molecules composed of amino acids that perform a vast array of functions within organisms. They play key roles in structural support, catalysis of biochemical reactions, immune response, and cell signaling.

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5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. Proteins are made up of 20 different amino acids, which are linked by peptide bonds.
  2. The primary structure of a protein is its unique sequence of amino acids.
  3. Proteins can have four levels of structure: primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary.
  4. Enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts to speed up chemical reactions.
  5. Protein function is highly dependent on its three-dimensional shape, which can be affected by changes in pH and temperature.

Review Questions

  • What type of bond links amino acids together in a protein?
  • Name the four levels of protein structure.
  • How do enzymes relate to proteins?
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