Ovarian cycle

Definition

The ovarian cycle is a series of hormonal and physiological changes in the ovaries that prepare an ovum for fertilization. It includes the follicular phase, ovulation, and the luteal phase.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The follicular phase starts on the first day of menstruation and ends with ovulation.
2. Ovulation typically occurs around day 14 of a 28-day cycle when a mature egg is released from the ovary.
3. The luteal phase follows ovulation and involves the formation of the corpus luteum which secretes progesterone.
4. FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) and LH (luteinizing hormone) are critical for regulating the ovarian cycle.
5. If fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum degenerates, leading to menstruation.

Review Questions

Related terms

Follicular Phase:

The first phase of the ovarian cycle during which follicles in the ovary mature.

Ovulation:

The release of a mature egg from one of the ovaries.

Luteal Phase: The final phase of the ovarian cycle characterized by progesterone secretion from the corpus luteum.