Plagal Cadence (PC)

Definition

A plagal cadence, often referred to as the 'Amen cadence', is a harmonic progression that moves from the subdominant chord (IV) to the tonic chord (I). This type of cadence creates a sense of resolution and is commonly found at the end of hymns and other sacred music. Its smooth transition from the subdominant to the tonic gives it a comforting and conclusive sound, making it a staple in Western music.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Plagal cadences are often used in religious music, giving them the nickname 'Amen cadence' because of their frequent appearance at the end of hymns.
2. The plagal cadence can be notated as IV-I, meaning it moves from the subdominant chord to the tonic chord.
3. Unlike authentic cadences that create a stronger sense of finality, plagal cadences offer a gentler resolution.
4. The sound of a plagal cadence can evoke feelings of warmth and completion, making it popular in many musical genres beyond just sacred music.
5. Plagal cadences can also be extended or embellished by adding additional harmonies or melodic lines, enhancing their emotional impact.

Review Questions

• How does a plagal cadence differ from an authentic cadence in terms of harmonic function and emotional impact?
  • A plagal cadence differs from an authentic cadence primarily in its harmonic progression; it moves from the subdominant (IV) to the tonic (I), while an authentic cadence progresses from the dominant (V) to the tonic (I). The emotional impact also varies, with plagal cadences providing a softer, more comforting resolution compared to the strong finality associated with authentic cadences. This makes plagal cadences suitable for settings where a gentle conclusion is desired, like hymns.
• In what ways can a plagal cadence enhance musical composition beyond its traditional use in hymns?
  • Plagal cadences can enhance musical compositions by providing a sense of closure and warmth, which can be effective in various styles such as folk, pop, and classical music. Composers can incorporate plagal cadences into transitions or endings to evoke emotional responses or to create contrasts with other cadences. By using plagal cadences creatively, musicians can add depth and richness to their work while maintaining listener engagement.
• Evaluate how understanding plagal cadences can inform a musician's approach to writing and analyzing harmonic progressions in various musical genres.
  • Understanding plagal cadences allows musicians to thoughtfully craft harmonic progressions that evoke specific emotional responses. By recognizing the role of plagal cadences in creating a soft resolution, composers can strategically place them within their works to enhance overall impact. Additionally, analyzing how different genres utilize plagal cadences helps musicians appreciate stylistic choices and encourages them to experiment with blending various harmonic techniques for richer compositions.

Related terms

Authentic Cadence:

A harmonic progression that typically moves from the dominant chord (V) to the tonic chord (I), providing a strong sense of resolution.

Half Cadence:

A harmonic progression that ends on the dominant chord (V), creating a feeling of suspension and anticipation for resolution.

Deceptive Cadence: A harmonic progression that leads from the dominant chord (V) to a chord other than the tonic, often creating surprise or tension.