Gross Domestic Product (GDP): GDP is the monetary value of all final goods and services produced within a country's borders during a specific time period, usually one year.
Gross National Income (GNI): GNI is similar to GDP but also includes income earned by citizens abroad and excludes income earned by foreigners domestically.
Per Capita Income: Per capita income is calculated by dividing the total income of a country by its population, providing an average measure of individual income levels within that nation.