High tariffs

Protectionism: Protectionism is an economic policy that advocates for the use of trade barriers such as tariffs, quotas, or subsidies to protect domestic industries from foreign competition.

Free trade: Free trade refers to international trade without restrictions or barriers such as tariffs, allowing goods and services to flow freely between countries.

Tariff war: A tariff war occurs when two or more countries impose increasing tariffs on each other's imports in retaliation, resulting in escalating trade barriers and tensions between nations.