Gained independence

Definition

Gained independence refers to the process by which colonies or territories achieve autonomy and self-governance, freeing themselves from foreign domination. This often involved political, social, and economic struggles, leading to the establishment of sovereign nations and the end of imperial rule. The movement for independence was a significant feature in various parts of the world during the mid-20th century as colonies sought to assert their rights and identities.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The post-World War II era saw a significant wave of decolonization, with many Asian and African countries gaining independence from European powers between the late 1940s and the 1960s.
2. The United Nations played a crucial role in promoting decolonization, advocating for self-determination and the rights of colonized peoples.
3. Independence movements often involved armed struggle, civil disobedience, or negotiations, reflecting diverse strategies employed by various nations to achieve freedom.
4. Former colonies faced numerous challenges after gaining independence, including nation-building efforts, economic instability, and lingering colonial legacies.
5. Gained independence led to the emergence of new nation-states on the global stage, reshaping international relations and altering the balance of power in various regions.

Review Questions

• What were some common strategies used by colonies to gain independence from colonial powers?
  • Colonies employed a variety of strategies to gain independence, including armed resistance, peaceful protests, diplomatic negotiations, and appeals to international organizations like the United Nations. For instance, some nations resorted to guerrilla warfare against colonial forces, while others opted for non-violent methods such as strikes and boycotts. The approach taken often depended on the specific political context and the level of support among the local population for independence.
• How did nationalism influence independence movements in colonized nations during the 20th century?
  • Nationalism played a pivotal role in fueling independence movements as it fostered a sense of unity among colonized peoples who sought self-determination. It encouraged individuals to identify with their national identity rather than colonial affiliations, which helped mobilize support for liberation efforts. Nationalist leaders often emerged as key figures in these struggles, articulating visions of sovereignty that resonated with the aspirations of their fellow citizens. This surge in nationalist sentiment not only galvanized local populations but also attracted global attention to their plight.
• Evaluate the long-term impacts of gaining independence on newly formed nations and their relationships with former colonial powers.
  • Gaining independence had profound long-term impacts on newly formed nations, as they faced challenges related to governance, economic development, and national identity. Many struggled with establishing stable political systems due to internal divisions or lack of experience in self-rule. Relationships with former colonial powers often remained complex; while some nations sought collaboration for economic support, others experienced tensions rooted in historical grievances. The legacy of colonialism frequently persisted in various forms, complicating efforts at nation-building and development in post-colonial states.

Related terms

Decolonization:

Decolonization is the process by which colonies become independent from colonial powers, involving political and social movements aimed at ending imperial rule.

Nationalism:

Nationalism is a political ideology that emphasizes the interests and culture of a particular nation, often leading to movements for independence from colonial or foreign rule.

Self-determination:

Self-determination is the principle that nations have the right to freely choose their sovereignty and international political status without external interference.