Einstein's Theory of Relativity is a scientific theory proposed by Albert Einstein that describes the laws of physics as they apply to very fast-moving objects and large gravitational fields. It consists of two parts - Special Relativity (1905) which deals with objects moving at constant speed, and General Relativity (1915) which includes gravity and acceleration.
Imagine you're on a train moving at a constant speed. If you throw a ball straight up in the air, it will come back down into your hand because from your perspective, everything inside the train is stationary. But for someone standing outside watching the train go by, they would see the ball move in an arc. This is similar to how relativity works - what you observe depends on your frame of reference.
Special Relativity: A part of Einstein's theory that states that space and time are interwoven into a single continuum known as spacetime. Events that occur at the same time for one observer could occur at different times for another.
General Relativity: The other part of Einstein's theory which generalizes special relativity and Newton's law of universal gravitation, providing a unified description of gravity as a geometric property of space and time or spacetime.
Spacetime: A four-dimensional description combining space and time into one interconnected continuum used in theories such as those put forth by Albert Einstein.
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