The term "19th Century -isms" refers to the various ideological movements that emerged during the 1800s, such as nationalism, liberalism, socialism, and imperialism. These ideologies significantly influenced political, social, and economic developments in Europe.
Think of these "-isms" like different apps on a smartphone. Each one has its own purpose and function (like how each ideology has its own beliefs and goals), but they all work together to shape the overall user experience (or in this case, the socio-political climate of 19th century Europe).
Nationalism: A political ideology that emphasizes loyalty, devotion or allegiance to a nation or nation-state.
Liberalism: A political philosophy founded on ideas of liberty and equality.
Socialism: A socio-economic system in which property and wealth distribution are subject to control by the community.
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