Volcanoes

Definition

Volcanoes are openings in the Earth's crust through which molten rock (magma), ash, gases, and other materials erupt onto its surface. They form due to plate tectonics or hotspots.

Related terms

Magma Chamber: This is a reservoir beneath a volcano where molten rock accumulates before eruptions.

Pyroclastic Flow: It refers to fast-moving currents of hot gas and volcanic matter that flow down slopes during explosive volcanic eruptions.

Caldera: A large depression formed after a volcanic eruption when magma chamber empties and the volcano collapses.