AP World History AMSCO Guided Notes
7.1: Shifting Power
AP World History Guided Notes
AMSCO 7.1 - Shifting Power
Essential Questions
- How did internal and external factors contribute to change in various states after 1900?
I. Revolution in Russia
1. What internal and external problems weakened Russia by the early 20th century?
2. What did the Bolsheviks believe about workers and the means of production?
A. Key Events Leading to Revolution in Russia
1. What happened on Bloody Sunday and how did it contribute to revolutionary sentiment?
2. How did Russia's defeat in the Russo-Japanese War affect its international standing and domestic stability?
3. What role did World War I play in destabilizing Russia and leading to the Bolshevik seizure of power?
II. Upheaval in China
1. What internal challenges weakened the Qing Dynasty's hold on power in the 19th century?
A. Internal Challenges
1. How did ethnic tension between the Han Chinese and Manchu rulers contribute to the decline of the Qing Dynasty?
2. What role did rapid population growth and famine play in weakening support for the Qing government?
3. How did low government revenues limit the Qing Dynasty's ability to maintain infrastructure?
B. External Challenges
1. How did European industrialization and trade practices threaten China's position as a wealthy and powerful state?
2. Why did the Chinese initially look down on European products and traders, and how did this attitude change?
C. Chinese Republic
1. What were the three main principles of Sun Yat-sen's political philosophy as outlined in The Three People's Principles?
2. Why was Sun Yat-sen unable to rule all of China, and what did he do about his weak position?
3. What happened to the Kuomintang after Sun Yat-sen gave up power, and how did later leaders view his legacy?
III. Self-Determination in the Ottoman Collapse
1. What economic problems faced the Ottoman Empire by the beginning of the 20th century?
A. The Young Turks
1. What reforms did the Young Turks advocate, and how did Turkification affect the empire's Christian minorities?
B. Fight Against Foreign Influence
1. Why did the Ottoman Empire resent European economic policies and how did this lead to its alliance with Germany?
2. What happened to the Ottoman Empire after Germany's defeat in World War I?
C. The Rise of Atatürk
1. How did Mustafa Kemal and the Turkish National Movement achieve independence from Allied occupation?
2. What reforms did Atatürk implement to modernize Turkey and make it more like Western democracies?
3. How did Atatürk's rule contradict his democratic reforms?
IV. Power Shifts in Mexico
1. What conditions under Porfirio Díaz's rule led to the Mexican Revolution in 1910?
A. Revolution
1. What triggered the Mexican Revolution and who were the key military leaders in the conflict?
2. What were the human costs of the Mexican Revolution between 1910 and 1920?
3. What two major outcomes from the conflicts between 1910 and 1930 provided Mexico with long-term stability?
Key Terms
Turkification
Bolsheviks
communists
Young Turks
Mexican Revolution
Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI)
Sun Yat-sen
Kemal Atatürk
Porfirio Díaz
Francisco Madero
Francisco "Pancho" Villa
Emiliano Zapata