AP English Literature AMSCO Guided Notes

7.5: Function of Symbols and Motifs

AP English Literature
AMSCO Guided Notes

AP English Literature Guided Notes

AMSCO 7.5 - Function of Symbols and Motifs

Essential Questions

  1. How can setting function as a symbol, and how do imagery and figurative detail emphasize ideas?
I. Setting as Symbol

1. What distinguishes a symbolic setting from one that merely enhances plot, characterization, and ideas?

2. How do archetypal settings develop universal associations with emotions, ideologies, and beliefs?

A. Abstract Emotions, Ideologies, and Beliefs

1. How does Cell One in 'Cell One' function as a symbol, and what abstractions does it come to represent?

2. Why is repeated reference to a setting necessary for it to achieve symbolic status?

3. How does Adichie use specific details about Nnamabia's experiences to build Cell One's symbolic meaning?

B. Universal Symbols

1. What is the difference between contextual symbols and universal symbols, and how does each function in literature?

2. How do the garden setting and Miss Brill's apartment function as contrasting symbols in 'Miss Brill'?

3. Why is it important to test archetypal symbol associations against the actual events of a story?

II. Motifs

1. What is the key difference between a symbol and a motif?

A. Function of Motifs

1. How does the repeated motif of clothing in 'Miss Brill' support the story's central symbol and characterization?

2. What effect does repeated imagery throughout a text have on theme and character development?

3. How do motifs differ from symbols in terms of frequency and scope within a work?

III. Similes and Personification

1. How does figurative language allow writers to convey complex ideas and appeal to readers' emotions?

A. Similes

1. Why must writers carefully select comparison subjects when creating similes?

2. How do the three similes describing Mrs. Das in 'Interpreter of Maladies' function to develop characterization and plot?

3. What qualities must a comparison subject have for readers to successfully transfer traits to the main subject?

B. Personification

1. How does personification of the house in 'The Rocking-Horse Winner' create vivid imagery and convey family dysfunction?

2. What does the personification of the kitchen 'retreating' at Wuthering Heights reveal about the narrator's attitude toward the setting?

3. How does inverted personification differ from personification, and what effect does it create?

4. How do personification and inverted personification work together in Walcott's poem to shift the speaker's tone from trepidation to confidence?

Key Terms

symbol

motif

image

figurative language

simile

personification

inverted personification