1. What is the primary purpose of maps in geography and how do they help organize complex information?

1. What are reference maps and what are four common types of reference maps?

2. How do political maps and physical maps differ in the information they present?

1. What is the purpose of thematic maps and how do they differ from reference maps?

2. How do choropleth maps and dot distribution maps each show spatial data differently?

3. What do graduated symbol maps show and how do the sizes of symbols relate to the data?

4. How do isoline maps depict variations in data across space and what is a common example?

5. What is a cartogram and how does it allow for comparison of data that traditional maps cannot?

1. What is cartographic scale and what are three ways it can be expressed on a map?

2. How do small-scale maps and large-scale maps differ in the amount of area and detail they show?

1. What is absolute location and how is it determined using the global grid system?

2. What is latitude and how is it measured from the equator?

3. What is longitude and how is it measured from the prime meridian?

4. What is relative location and how does it differ from absolute location?

5. How are connectivity and accessibility used to describe relative location?

6. Why can relative locations change over time while absolute locations remain the same?

7. What is the difference between absolute distance and relative distance?

8. What is elevation and how can it impact climate, weather, and agriculture?

9. What is distribution and what are six common distribution patterns geographers observe?

1. Why do all maps distort some aspect of reality and what must cartographers decide when creating a projection?

2. What is the Mercator projection designed for and what is a major weakness of this projection?

3. How can map projections reinforce political and economic bias and why should geographers be concerned?

4. What are the strengths and weaknesses of the Peters, Conic, and Robinson projections?

1. What is landscape analysis and what does it involve?

1. What is field observation and what types of information do geographers record when visiting a location?

2. What is spatial data and how have modern technologies expanded the ways geographers can obtain it?

3. What is remote sensing and how does it differ from aerial photography?

4. How do geographers interpret data once it has been gathered and what questions guide their analysis?

1. What is geospatial data and what types of information does it include?

2. What are the main sources of geospatial data that geographers use for fieldwork?

3. What additional sources of geospatial data are available beyond fieldwork and surveys?

4. How are smartphone geospatial data and embedded location information being used by companies and governments?

1. What are geovisualizations and how do tools like Google Earth and GIS allow people to understand data in new ways?

2. How did geographic data help solve real-world problems during the COVID-19 pandemic?

3. What are the main limitations of geographic data that geographers must consider when interpreting it?

4. How can data gaps and inaccuracies lead to incorrect conclusions and poor decisions?

1. What is the Global Positioning System (GPS) and what are its main uses in geography?

2. What is remote sensing and what are its primary applications in geographic analysis?

3. What is a Geographic Information System (GIS) and what types of problems can it help solve?

4. How do smartphone and computer applications use geospatial data to provide services to users?

1. How did geographers use remote sensing and landscape analysis to identify humanitarian concerns in Sudan?

2. Why are community-based solutions more likely to succeed than solutions developed without local input?

3. What role do geographers and organizations like the Nuba Water Project play in addressing water access issues?