🇯🇵ap japanese language and culture review
負ける建築 (makeru kenchiku) in AP Japanese Language and Culture
Written by the Fiveable Content Team
Verified for the 2027 exam
Verified for the 2027 exam•Written by the Fiveable Content Team
Definition
「負ける建築」とは、建築家・隈研吾が提唱する設計哲学で、建物が周囲の環境や自然に対して「勝つ」のではなく、溶け込み、調和することを目指すという考え方です。建物が存在感を主張するのではなく、景観や文脈の中に静かに収まることを理想とします。この哲学は、自然と建築の融合を重視する日本建築の伝統的な価値観を現代的に表現したものです。
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
- 隈研吾は1954年生まれで、木・石・竹などの自然素材を現代建築に取り入れることで国際的に知られている。
- 「負ける建築」の哲学は、2021年東京オリンピックのメイン会場となった国立競技場(新宿、東京)の設計に体現されている。
- 国立競技場の外観には木材と植物が用いられており、隈研吾は「森の中のスタジアム」というコンセプトを掲げた。
- 「負ける建築」の考え方は、建物が自然や都市の文脈を圧倒するのではなく、その一部となることを目指す点で、借景や間の概念と深く共鳴している。
- 隈研吾の設計哲学は、20世紀の近代建築が主張した「建物は環境に対して強く自己主張すべき」という考え方への批判でもある。
Review Questions
- What does Kuma Kengo mean by 'makeru kenchiku' (architecture that loses), and how is this philosophy expressed in the Japan National Stadium?
- 'Makeru kenchiku' means that a building should recede into and harmonize with its surroundings rather than dominate them — it should 'lose' to its environment. In the Japan National Stadium, Kuma expressed this by incorporating wood and plants into the exterior, realizing a concept he described as 'a stadium in a forest,' so that the massive structure appears to blend into rather than overpower its urban setting.
- How does the philosophy of 'makeru kenchiku' connect to traditional Japanese architectural values?
- 'Makeru kenchiku' is a contemporary expression of the longstanding Japanese value that buildings and nature should merge rather than stand in opposition. It echoes concepts like shakkei (borrowed scenery), which incorporates the surrounding landscape into the design, and the broader principle seen in sukiya-zukuri that architecture should harmonize with its natural context rather than assert itself against it.
- How does Kuma Kengo's approach to materials support his philosophy of 'makeru kenchiku'?
- Kuma uses natural materials — wood, stone, and bamboo — because they visually and texturally connect a building to the natural environment, helping it blend in rather than stand out. By choosing materials that echo the colors and textures of nature, he makes buildings feel like extensions of their surroundings rather than impositions upon them, directly embodying the 'losing' philosophy.
"負ける建築 (makeru kenchiku)" also found in:
Guided Practice
Practice AP Japanese Language and Culture questionsKeep studying AP Japanese Language and Culture
Connect this key term to the AP exam workflow: review the course, practice questions, and check related study tools.
AP Japanese Language and Culture hub
Review units, study guides, and course resources.
AP-style practice
Check this vocabulary in multiple-choice context.
FRQ practice
Apply key concepts in written AP responses.
Score calculator
Estimate the exam score you are working toward.
Cheatsheets
Review the highest-yield facts before practice.
Practice exam
Put the full course together before test day.