Transglycosylation

Definition

Transglycosylation is a biochemical process in which glycosidic bonds are formed by transferring a sugar moiety from one molecule to another. This process is essential in the synthesis of bacterial cell walls.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Transglycosylation is catalyzed by enzymes known as transglycosylases.
2. This process occurs during the synthesis of peptidoglycan layers in bacterial cell walls.
3. Inhibiting transglycosylation can prevent bacteria from properly forming their cell walls, making it a target for antibacterial drugs.
4. Certain antibiotics, such as vancomycin, inhibit transglycosylation by binding to the substrate and preventing enzymatic action.
5. Disruption of transglycosylation weakens bacterial cell walls, leading to cell lysis and death.

Related terms

Peptidoglycan:

A polymer consisting of sugars and amino acids that forms a mesh-like layer outside the plasma membrane of most bacteria.

Transpeptidation: A chemical reaction that involves the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids or peptides.

Vancomycin:

An antibiotic used to treat certain bacterial infections by inhibiting cell wall biosynthesis.