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Synovial fluid

Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated August 2025
Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated August 2025

Definition

Synovial fluid is a viscous, non-Newtonian fluid found in the cavities of synovial joints. It reduces friction between the articular cartilage of synovial joints during movement.

AP course connection

Topic 12.3: 12.3 Whole Genome Methods and Pharmaceutical Applications of Genetic Engineering

Unit 12

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5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. Synovial fluid contains hyaluronic acid and lubricin, which are essential for its lubricating properties.
  2. The fluid serves as a medium for nutrient and waste exchange for cartilage cells, which lack blood vessels.
  3. Microbial genetics has been used to study infections within synovial fluid, particularly in cases of septic arthritis.
  4. Genetic engineering techniques have been applied to develop synthetic versions of synovial fluid components to treat joint disorders.
  5. Whole genome sequencing has been used to identify microbial pathogens present in infected synovial fluid.

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