Enzyme immunoassays (EIAs)

Definition

Enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) are biochemical tests that use antibodies and color change to identify the presence of a substance, typically an antigen or antibody. They are widely used for detecting and quantifying specific proteins in samples.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. EIAs rely on the specificity of antibodies to bind to their target antigens.
2. Commonly used enzymes in EIAs include horseradish peroxidase and alkaline phosphatase.
3. There are different types of EIAs including direct, indirect, sandwich, and competitive assays.
4. The enzyme-substrate reaction in EIAs produces a measurable color change indicating the presence or quantity of the target molecule.
5. ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) is a type of EIA commonly used in diagnostic laboratories.

Review Questions

Related terms

Antibody:

A protein produced by B cells that specifically binds to antigens.

Antigen:

A molecule capable of inducing an immune response.

ELISA:

A specific type of enzyme immunoassay used for detecting and quantifying substances such as proteins, peptides, antibodies, and hormones.