Steep-sided

Definition

Steep-sided refers to the sharp and abrupt slopes typically found in certain volcanic landforms, particularly lava domes and cryptodomes. These formations are characterized by their tall, towering profiles and steep inclines, which result from the accumulation of viscous lava that piles up near the vent. The steepness of these sides is a crucial factor in understanding how these volcanic structures behave and evolve over time.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The steep-sided nature of lava domes results from the high viscosity of the lava, which prevents it from flowing far away from the vent.
2. Steep-sided structures can be indicators of potentially explosive volcanic activity, as pressure can build up under the dome due to trapped gases.
3. The formation of steep sides often leads to instability, making these features susceptible to collapse or pyroclastic flows if an eruption occurs.
4. Observation of the steep-sided profiles can help volcanologists assess eruption risks and monitor changes in dome morphology over time.
5. Some famous examples of steep-sided lava domes include Mount St. Helens in Washington and Novarupta in Alaska.

Review Questions

• How does the viscosity of lava contribute to the formation of steep-sided lava domes?
  • The viscosity of lava is crucial in forming steep-sided lava domes because highly viscous lava does not flow easily. Instead of spreading out over large areas, it tends to accumulate close to the vent, creating a mound-like structure with steep slopes. This stacking effect leads to the characteristic tall and steep profiles observed in many lava domes.
• In what ways can steep-sided volcanic structures indicate potential hazards during eruptions?
  • Steep-sided volcanic structures can signal potential hazards because they may indicate that pressure is building up within the dome due to trapped gases. When this pressure becomes too great, it can lead to explosive eruptions or structural collapses. Monitoring these features helps volcanologists identify signs of impending activity and assess risks to surrounding areas.
• Evaluate the significance of studying steep-sided lava domes in understanding volcanic behavior and eruption forecasting.
  • Studying steep-sided lava domes is significant for understanding volcanic behavior because these formations often reveal important information about magma dynamics and eruption processes. By analyzing their morphology, eruption history, and changes over time, scientists can improve eruption forecasting models. This knowledge not only helps predict future eruptions but also plays a vital role in disaster preparedness and risk mitigation for communities living near active volcanoes.

Related terms

Lava Dome: A lava dome is a mound-shaped protrusion formed by the slow extrusion of highly viscous lava from a single vent, often resulting in steep sides.

Cryptodome: A cryptodome is an underground dome formed by magma that has pushed up the overlying rock layers, leading to steep sides when exposed.

Viscous Lava: Viscous lava has a high viscosity, which means it flows slowly and tends to pile up near the vent, contributing to the steep-sided profile of lava domes.