The equation r = √(x² + y²) defines the relationship between Cartesian and polar coordinates, where 'r' represents the distance from the origin to a point (x, y) in the Cartesian plane. This formula highlights how to calculate the radius in polar coordinates based on the rectangular coordinates, enabling a seamless conversion between these two systems. Understanding this relationship is crucial for working with polar graphs, angles, and various applications in trigonometry.
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