I-v-vi-iv

Definition

The i-v-vi-iv chord progression is a common sequence used in music that features the tonic minor chord (i), the dominant chord (v), the submediant chord (vi), and the subdominant chord (iv). This progression is popular across various genres, especially in pop and rock music, due to its emotive quality and ability to evoke a sense of longing or resolution. It serves as a foundation for many songs and illustrates how harmonic functions interact within a tonal framework.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The i-v-vi-iv progression often creates an emotional feel, making it suitable for ballads and heartfelt songs.
2. In the key of A minor, this progression would be represented as Am - Em - F - Dm.
3. This progression can be found in numerous popular songs, showcasing its versatility and effectiveness across different musical styles.
4. The movement from the dominant (v) to the submediant (vi) creates a smooth voice leading, which is pleasing to the ear.
5. The use of minor tonality in the i chord contributes to a darker, more introspective sound compared to progressions based in major keys.

Review Questions

• How does the i-v-vi-iv progression function within the context of harmonic structure, particularly regarding chord functions?
  • The i-v-vi-iv progression demonstrates how different chord functions contribute to harmonic movement. The tonic minor chord (i) establishes the home base, while the dominant chord (v) introduces tension that resolves back into either the tonic or leads into the submediant (vi). The subdominant (iv) then prepares the return to the dominant, creating a satisfying loop that effectively utilizes harmonic functions to evoke emotion and drive the progression forward.
• Compare the i-v-vi-iv progression with other common progressions and analyze its distinctiveness in conveying emotion.
  • Unlike more traditional major key progressions like I-IV-V-I, the i-v-vi-iv progression capitalizes on minor tonality, which imbues it with a more somber and reflective character. This contrast allows for emotional depth, making it especially effective in pop music where themes of love and loss are prevalent. The combination of rising and falling tension created by these chords contributes to its unique ability to connect with listeners on an emotional level.
• Evaluate how the i-v-vi-iv progression has influenced contemporary music composition and its relevance in modern songwriting.
  • The i-v-vi-iv progression has significantly influenced contemporary music composition by providing songwriters with a reliable framework that resonates emotionally with audiences. Its prevalence in various genres showcases its adaptability and effectiveness in crafting memorable melodies. By analyzing its integration into modern songs, one can observe how this progression continues to evolve, reflecting current musical trends while maintaining its foundational role in creating compelling narratives through harmony.

Related terms

Chord Function: The role that a chord plays within a progression, such as tonic (home base), dominant (creates tension), or subdominant (prepares for the dominant).

Tonicization: The process of temporarily treating a chord other than the tonic as the tonic, often used in progressions to create a sense of movement.

Cadence: A melodic or harmonic configuration that creates a sense of resolution or pause, often marking the end of a phrase in music.