American Declaration of Independence

Definition

The American Declaration of Independence is a historic document adopted on July 4, 1776, which declared the thirteen American colonies free from British rule. This declaration articulated the principles of individual rights and the concept of limited government, asserting that governments derive their powers from the consent of the governed, and laid the groundwork for the right to revolution against oppressive authorities.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Declaration was primarily authored by Thomas Jefferson, who drew inspiration from Enlightenment thinkers like John Locke.
2. It emphasizes the belief that all men are created equal and have unalienable rights that cannot be taken away.
3. The document lists grievances against King George III, showcasing the colonists' reasons for seeking independence.
4. It establishes the idea that if a government fails to protect the people's rights, they have the right to alter or abolish it.
5. The Declaration of Independence was a bold statement that not only declared independence but also inspired future democratic movements worldwide.

Review Questions

• How does the American Declaration of Independence articulate the principles of limited government and individual rights?
  • The American Declaration of Independence articulates the principles of limited government by asserting that governments exist to protect individual rights and derive their power from the consent of the governed. This document highlights the belief that all individuals possess natural rights that must be safeguarded and that any government that fails to do so loses its legitimacy. The idea is that when a government becomes tyrannical or abusive, citizens have not only the right but also the responsibility to revolt against it.
• In what ways does the Declaration address the concept of revolution against oppressive governance?
  • The Declaration of Independence addresses revolution by providing a philosophical justification for breaking away from British rule. It states that when a government becomes destructive to individual rights, it is not only a right but also a duty for people to overthrow such a government. By listing specific grievances against King George III, it highlights why independence is necessary and portrays revolution as an act of self-preservation for freedom and justice.
• Evaluate the long-term impact of the American Declaration of Independence on global democratic movements.
  • The American Declaration of Independence has had a profound long-term impact on global democratic movements by serving as a foundational text advocating for individual liberties and self-governance. Its principles influenced various revolutions and declarations around the world, including the French Revolution and Latin American independence movements. By establishing concepts like natural rights and limited government, it inspired countless leaders and movements seeking to challenge tyranny and promote democratic ideals across different nations and eras.

Related terms

Natural Rights:

Fundamental rights believed to be inherent to all individuals, including life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, as outlined in the Declaration.

Social Contract:

The theory that individuals consent, either explicitly or implicitly, to form a government that protects their rights, establishing a foundation for the justification of rebellion.

Second Continental Congress: The assembly of delegates from the Thirteen Colonies that met in 1775, which ultimately adopted the Declaration of Independence in 1776.