Scottish National Party

Definition

The Scottish National Party (SNP) is a political party in Scotland that advocates for Scottish independence and self-governance. Founded in 1934, the SNP has played a crucial role in promoting the idea of nationalism within Scotland, seeking to establish a distinct Scottish identity and achieve self-determination through political means.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The SNP won a significant victory in the 2015 general election, securing 56 out of 59 Scottish seats in the UK Parliament, which highlighted its strong support in Scotland.
2. In 2014, the SNP organized a referendum on Scottish independence, which resulted in 55% voting against independence and 45% in favor.
3. The SNP supports progressive policies, including social justice, environmental sustainability, and enhanced public services, appealing to a broad range of voters.
4. Under Nicola Sturgeon’s leadership, the SNP has continued to push for another independence referendum following Brexit, arguing that Scotland's political interests are better served as an independent nation.
5. The SNP’s emphasis on cultural identity and language has helped reinforce a sense of national pride and unity among Scots, further fueling their quest for self-determination.

Review Questions

• How has the Scottish National Party influenced the conversation around Scottish independence since its formation?
  • Since its founding in 1934, the Scottish National Party has been at the forefront of advocating for Scottish independence. The party has worked to promote a distinct Scottish identity and has successfully brought the issue of independence to national attention. Their efforts culminated in the 2014 independence referendum, which, despite not achieving independence, significantly raised awareness and support for the movement.
• Evaluate the impact of devolution on the SNP's ability to advocate for Scottish independence.
  • Devolution has had a profound impact on the SNP's advocacy for independence by providing the party with a platform to demonstrate effective governance at a regional level. With powers granted by the Scottish Parliament, the SNP has implemented policies that resonate with many Scots, showcasing their capability to manage local affairs. This success at the devolved level has strengthened their argument that Scotland could thrive independently.
• Discuss the role of referendums in shaping the strategies of the Scottish National Party regarding independence.
  • Referendums have been pivotal in shaping the strategies of the Scottish National Party as they provide a direct means for public expression regarding independence. The 2014 referendum was a key moment that solidified both support and opposition, leading to a more nuanced approach from the SNP. Following Brexit, the SNP has positioned itself to argue for another referendum based on changed circumstances, using referendums as tools to gauge public sentiment and legitimize their calls for self-determination.

Related terms

Devolution: The transfer of powers from the central government of the United Kingdom to the Scottish Parliament, allowing Scotland to govern certain areas like education and health.

Referendum: A direct vote in which an entire electorate is invited to vote on a particular proposal, often related to changes in governance or constitutional matters.

Scottish Independence Movement: A political campaign aimed at gaining independence for Scotland from the United Kingdom, often associated with the SNP and other pro-independence groups.