Maison carrée

Definition

The maison carrée is an ancient Roman temple located in Nîmes, France, notable for its well-preserved state and classic Corinthian design. This structure exemplifies the architectural achievements of the Augustan period and reflects the influence of elite patrons who commissioned such monumental works to display their power and status. Additionally, the use of stucco decoration on the temple further enhances its aesthetic appeal and highlights the importance of ornamental elements in Roman architecture.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The maison carrée was built around 16 BCE, making it one of the best-preserved Roman temples still in existence today.
2. It was dedicated to the grandsons of Emperor Augustus, Gaius and Lucius Caesar, showcasing how elite families leveraged architecture to commemorate their lineage.
3. The temple's façade features six Corinthian columns and a deep porch, illustrating the grandeur of Roman religious architecture.
4. Stucco decoration played a significant role in enhancing the visual impact of the maison carrée, allowing for elaborate details that captured light and added depth to its surfaces.
5. The temple has influenced modern architecture, particularly in neoclassical design, as seen in buildings such as the U.S. Capitol in Washington, D.C.

Review Questions

• How does the maison carrée reflect the power dynamics between elite patrons and architectural achievements during the Augustan period?
  • The maison carrée serves as a prime example of how elite patrons utilized monumental architecture to assert their influence and status during the Augustan period. By commissioning such an impressive structure dedicated to Augustus's grandsons, patrons showcased their loyalty to the emperor while simultaneously reinforcing their own social standing. This dynamic between personal ambition and public display is central to understanding Roman architectural culture during this era.
• In what ways does stucco decoration enhance the significance of structures like the maison carrée within Roman architectural practice?
  • Stucco decoration is crucial for enhancing the visual appeal and significance of structures like the maison carrée. It allows for intricate designs that convey both aesthetic beauty and wealth, reflecting the artistic sophistication of Roman builders. This ornamental use not only beautifies buildings but also serves as a testament to the technical skill of artisans and their ability to elevate monumental architecture to new heights.
• Evaluate the lasting impact of the maison carrée on modern architectural practices and its role in shaping neoclassical design.
  • The maison carrée has had a profound influence on modern architectural practices, particularly in shaping neoclassical design. Its harmonious proportions and Corinthian details inspired numerous buildings across Europe and America in the 18th and 19th centuries. By embodying ideals of symmetry, grandeur, and elegance, structures like the maison carrée have become templates for civic buildings, including museums and government institutions, thereby cementing its legacy as a symbol of enduring architectural excellence.

Related terms

Corinthian Order: One of the three classical orders of ancient Greek architecture characterized by its ornate capitals decorated with acanthus leaves.

Forum: The central public space in Roman cities that served as a marketplace and a venue for public life, often surrounded by important temples and buildings.

Stucco: A material made from plaster, used in architecture for decorative purposes on walls and ceilings, allowing for intricate designs and finishes.