Ara Pacis Augustae

Definition

The Ara Pacis Augustae, or Altar of Augustan Peace, is a monumental altar in Rome dedicated to Pax, the Roman goddess of peace. Commissioned by the Roman Senate in 13 BCE to honor Emperor Augustus and celebrate his return from Spain, this structure symbolizes the peace and prosperity that Augustus aimed to achieve during his reign, reflecting his broader building program, visual rhetoric in public art, and the ideological underpinnings of Augustan imagery.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Ara Pacis was consecrated in 9 BCE and is renowned for its intricate relief sculptures depicting both mythological and historical figures, which communicate Augustus' achievements.
2. The altar was originally located on the Campus Martius and was part of a larger urban renewal project that transformed Rome's infrastructure during Augustus' reign.
3. The Ara Pacis features panels that depict allegorical representations of Peace, Abundance, and the Mother of the Gods, underscoring the divine support for Augustus' rule.
4. Restorations in the 20th century allowed for its display in a modern glass structure, showcasing how ancient architecture can be integrated into contemporary urban spaces.
5. The Ara Pacis reflects Hellenistic influences in its detailed relief work and emphasis on naturalism, which marked a shift in Roman artistic practices.

Review Questions

• How does the design and decoration of the Ara Pacis reflect Augustus' political goals and achievements?
  • The Ara Pacis is intricately designed with relief sculptures that celebrate Augustus' accomplishments and ideals. The imagery includes figures like Aeneas and Romulus, symbolizing Rome's divine origins and emphasizing Augustus as a restorer of peace. This visual rhetoric reinforces his political narrative of stability and prosperity following a period of civil strife, making the altar a key element of his broader building program aimed at legitimizing his authority.
• In what ways does the Ara Pacis serve as an example of imperial propaganda in Augustan Rome?
  • The Ara Pacis exemplifies imperial propaganda through its rich iconography that glorifies Augustus while promoting themes of peace and prosperity. The inclusion of various deities alongside historical figures serves to legitimize Augustus' rule by framing him as a leader favored by the gods. The altar not only commemorates his military successes but also projects an image of moral righteousness associated with his governance, thus influencing public perception.
• Evaluate the impact of Hellenistic influences on the artistic style of the Ara Pacis and its significance within Augustan ideology.
  • The Ara Pacis showcases significant Hellenistic influences evident in its detailed reliefs and emphasis on realistic human emotions and interactions. This artistic approach aligns with Augustan ideology by conveying a sense of connection between the viewer and the subjects depicted. By adopting Hellenistic techniques, Augustus not only elevated Roman art but also positioned himself as a culturally sophisticated leader who was continuing a legacy of greatness, thereby strengthening his ideological narrative of peace and prosperity through cultural patronage.

Related terms

Pax Romana: A period of relative peace and stability across the Roman Empire that lasted for about 200 years, beginning with Augustus and marking significant economic and cultural growth.

Reliefs: Sculptural elements that are carved into a flat surface, often used to tell stories or convey messages through imagery, prominently featured on the Ara Pacis.

Imperial Propaganda: The use of art and architecture to promote the power and achievements of an emperor, aimed at solidifying their image and legacy among the populace.