Contre-attaque

Definition

Contre-attaque, which translates to 'counter-attack' in English, refers to a strategic response or action taken in reaction to an initial offense or provocation. In the context of Surrealism, particularly in André Breton's work, it signifies a rebellion against conventional norms and established artistic practices, embodying a desire to confront societal constraints and the status quo through unexpected and provocative means.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. André Breton used the term 'contre-attaque' as a way to advocate for a radical rethinking of artistic expression, pushing back against traditional forms and expectations.
2. The idea of a contre-attaque aligns with the Surrealists' overall aim to challenge rationality and societal norms through shocking and unconventional imagery.
3. Breton's approach emphasized that art should serve as a weapon for psychological liberation and social change, rather than mere decoration.
4. Contre-attaque reflects a key element of Dadaism, which also employed counter-narratives and disruptions as tools for critiquing the existing art world.
5. The concept inspired a variety of Surrealist works that aimed to provoke thought, encourage emotional responses, and engage viewers in a dialogue about reality and imagination.

Review Questions

• How does the concept of contre-attaque relate to the broader goals of Surrealism as articulated by André Breton?
  • Contre-attaque is deeply intertwined with the goals of Surrealism as it represents a direct challenge to conventional norms and societal expectations. André Breton believed that art should not only reflect reality but also disrupt it, using techniques that provoke the unconscious mind. By promoting this concept, Breton aimed to encourage artists and thinkers to rebel against established traditions, thus aligning with Surrealism's mission to explore new realms of creativity beyond rational constraints.
• In what ways did the idea of contre-attaque influence the methods employed by Surrealists in their art and literature?
  • The notion of contre-attaque significantly influenced Surrealist methods by promoting practices such as automatism, which allowed artists to bypass conscious thought and access deeper layers of creativity. This approach facilitated spontaneous creation that often resulted in startling images and narratives designed to shock or provoke. By embracing such radical techniques, Surrealists utilized contre-attaque as a means to confront societal norms head-on and challenge viewers' perceptions of reality.
• Evaluate the lasting impact of the contre-attaque concept on contemporary art movements and its relevance today.
  • The impact of contre-attaque can be seen in contemporary art movements that continue to embrace rebellion against traditional forms. Artists today often employ shock tactics or unconventional materials to provoke thought and question societal norms, reflecting a legacy established by Breton and his contemporaries. The relevance of this concept persists as it encourages ongoing dialogue about freedom in artistic expression, advocating for innovation and challenging the status quo in modern society.

Related terms

Surrealism: An artistic movement that seeks to unleash the creative potential of the unconscious mind by juxtaposing irrational images and ideas.

Automatism: A technique used in Surrealist art and literature to create works free from conscious control, allowing spontaneity and the unconscious mind to guide the process.

Manifesto: A public declaration of intentions, opinions, or motives, particularly used in art movements to communicate the principles and goals of that movement.