Type II superconductors are materials that can exhibit superconductivity at higher magnetic fields compared to type I superconductors, allowing them to penetrate magnetic fields partially and form a mixed state. This mixed state, known as the vortex state, occurs when magnetic flux lines penetrate the superconductor in quantized units called fluxoids, while the bulk of the material remains in the superconducting state. Understanding this behavior is essential for applications in strong magnetic fields, such as in MRI machines and particle accelerators.
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