Ben Jonson

Definition

Ben Jonson was a prominent English playwright and poet in the early 17th century, recognized for his sharp wit and mastery of language. As a contemporary of Shakespeare, he played a significant role in shaping the theatrical landscape of the Elizabethan era, often engaging in literary rivalries and collaborating with various actors and playwrights of his time.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Ben Jonson was born in 1572 and was known for his strong sense of nationalism and commitment to classical ideals in his writing.
2. He was the first English playwright to be honored with a royal funeral, which reflects his significant contribution to English literature.
3. Jonson's works often included social commentary and satire, allowing him to critique the politics and morals of his time.
4. He developed the concept of the 'comedies of humours,' which focused on the character's dominating traits leading to their downfall or success.
5. Jonson's relationships with other playwrights were complex; he both admired and criticized Shakespeare, often debating their differing approaches to theater.

Review Questions

• How did Ben Jonson's writing style and themes reflect the social dynamics of the Elizabethan era?
  • Ben Jonson's writing style showcased a blend of classical influences and sharp satire, reflecting the social dynamics of the Elizabethan era. His works often addressed issues like greed, ambition, and morality, using humor to critique societal norms. This engagement with contemporary social issues allowed him to resonate with audiences while also offering a mirror to the political environment of his time, creating a dialogue about human nature amidst rapid change.
• In what ways did Ben Jonson influence the theatrical landscape during his lifetime, particularly in relation to Shakespeare?
  • Ben Jonson significantly influenced the theatrical landscape by introducing new genres such as the 'comedy of humours,' which focused on character-driven narratives. His rivalry with Shakespeare pushed both playwrights to innovate in their storytelling techniques. While Shakespeare often explored universal themes through rich character development, Jonson's work emphasized societal critiques, showcasing a distinct approach that enriched Elizabethan drama and challenged traditional storytelling norms.
• Evaluate the impact of Ben Jonson's masques on both theatrical performances and political expressions during the early 17th century.
  • Ben Jonson's masques had a profound impact on theatrical performances and political expressions in the early 17th century. These elaborate productions not only entertained but also served as vehicles for conveying political messages, reinforcing royal power while subtly critiquing societal issues. By merging performance art with politics, Jonson elevated the masque form into a sophisticated commentary on leadership and governance, leaving a lasting legacy on both theater and public discourse during a time when political sentiments were highly charged.

Related terms

Comedy of Humours: A theatrical genre developed by Jonson, emphasizing the influence of bodily humours on human behavior, leading to comedic situations driven by character flaws.

Masques: A form of courtly entertainment that combined poetry, music, and dance, popularized by Jonson, often used to convey political and social themes.

The Alchemist: One of Jonson's most famous plays, it satirizes greed and gullibility through a comedic plot involving con artists in London.