Commoners

Definition

Commoners were the majority of the population in ancient Maya society, typically consisting of farmers, artisans, and laborers. They played a crucial role in the economy and daily life of Mayan cities, providing essential resources and services that supported the elite and the ruling class. Understanding their place in the social structure reveals insights into the organization of Mayan civilization and its cultural practices.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Commoners made up approximately 90% of the population in ancient Maya civilization, indicating their importance to the societal structure.
2. They primarily engaged in agriculture, cultivating essential crops that fed both their families and the ruling elite.
3. Commoners were responsible for various crafts and trades, producing goods such as pottery, textiles, and tools necessary for daily life.
4. The living conditions of commoners were generally modest compared to those of the nobility, often residing in simpler dwellings with fewer amenities.
5. Despite their lower social status, commoners could sometimes rise in rank through exceptional skill or by serving in military roles during times of conflict.

Review Questions

• How did commoners contribute to the economy of ancient Mayan cities, and what impact did this have on the overall society?
  • Commoners were vital to the economy of ancient Mayan cities through their work in agriculture and various crafts. By farming staple crops like maize and beans, they ensured a stable food supply not only for themselves but also for the elite class. This economic foundation allowed cities to thrive and expand, demonstrating how essential commoners were in sustaining Mayan civilization.
• In what ways did the social hierarchy affect the lives of commoners compared to those of the nobility in ancient Maya society?
  • The social hierarchy created a significant divide between commoners and nobility in ancient Maya society. While commoners worked hard as farmers or artisans with limited resources, nobles enjoyed power, wealth, and privileges. This disparity meant that commoners had less access to education and political influence, shaping their experiences and opportunities within Mayan civilization.
• Evaluate how the roles and perceptions of commoners in ancient Maya society contribute to our understanding of social structures in pre-Columbian civilizations.
  • Evaluating the roles and perceptions of commoners reveals that they were more than just laborers; they were integral to the functioning of Mayan society. Their contributions highlight a complex social structure where each class had specific roles that supported one another. This interdependence challenges simplistic views of pre-Columbian societies as merely hierarchical and emphasizes the dynamic nature of social interactions among different classes.

Related terms

Nobility:

The elite class in Mayan society, comprising rulers, priests, and other high-ranking officials who held significant power and wealth.

Agriculture: The primary economic activity of commoners, focusing on the cultivation of staple crops like maize, beans, and squash that sustained both themselves and the elite.

Social Hierarchy:

The structured ranking system in Mayan society that categorized individuals based on their social status, wealth, and occupation.