Vacancy defects are a type of point defect in crystalline solids, characterized by the absence of an atom from its lattice site. These missing atoms can significantly influence the material's properties, including electrical conductivity, optical behavior, and mechanical strength. In the context of quantum sensing, vacancy defects, particularly nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond, play a crucial role as they provide a platform for manipulating optical and spin states, leading to applications in various sensing technologies.
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