The Hadamard gate is a fundamental quantum logic gate that transforms the state of a single qubit, creating superposition by applying a specific unitary operation. It takes a qubit in a definite state, such as |0⟩ or |1⟩, and puts it into an equal superposition of both states, which is essential for quantum computing and quantum algorithms. This ability to create superposition is crucial for various quantum computational processes, especially in linear optical quantum computing.
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