Eigenstates are specific quantum states of a quantum system that correspond to definite values of an observable quantity, meaning they are the states in which a measurement of that observable will yield a specific result. When a quantum system is in an eigenstate, the observable's associated operator acts on the state to produce the same state multiplied by a scalar, known as the eigenvalue. This concept is crucial in understanding how quantum measurements work and how they relate to the fundamental properties of quantum systems.
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