Descriptive case study

Definition

A descriptive case study is a research method that provides a detailed account of a specific instance or phenomenon in its real-life context. It focuses on providing comprehensive descriptions and insights about the subject being studied, often using various data collection methods such as interviews, observations, and document analysis to gather rich qualitative data.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Descriptive case studies are particularly useful for exploring new or complex phenomena where little prior research exists.
2. This method often prioritizes context over control, allowing researchers to capture the nuances of real-life situations.
3. Descriptive case studies can involve both qualitative and quantitative data, though they typically emphasize qualitative insights.
4. They can be used in various fields including education, healthcare, social sciences, and public policy to inform practice and decision-making.
5. The findings from descriptive case studies can help generate hypotheses for future research or provide valuable context for understanding broader trends.

Review Questions

• What are the key characteristics of a descriptive case study that differentiate it from other research methods?
  • Descriptive case studies are characterized by their focus on providing detailed insights into a specific instance within its real-life context. Unlike experimental methods that seek to control variables, descriptive case studies embrace the complexity of real-world situations, often using multiple data sources to gather rich qualitative information. This approach allows for an in-depth exploration of the subject matter, facilitating a better understanding of unique circumstances and their implications.
• How does the use of descriptive case studies contribute to the development of theories in public policy analysis?
  • Descriptive case studies contribute to theory development in public policy analysis by offering rich narratives that reveal how policies are implemented and experienced in real-world settings. By examining specific cases in detail, researchers can identify patterns, challenges, and outcomes that inform theoretical frameworks. These insights can then help shape future policy recommendations and strategies by highlighting best practices or common pitfalls observed across different cases.
• Evaluate the strengths and limitations of using descriptive case studies in public policy research.
  • Descriptive case studies offer several strengths in public policy research, including their ability to provide deep contextual understanding and highlight the complexities of real-world scenarios. They can illuminate factors influencing policy success or failure that may be overlooked by more quantitative approaches. However, their limitations include potential issues with generalizability since findings from a single case may not apply broadly. Additionally, the subjective nature of qualitative data collection can introduce bias, making it essential for researchers to maintain rigor in their methodology.

Related terms

Case Study: An in-depth investigation of a particular individual, group, event, or community, typically exploring complex issues in their real-life context.

Qualitative Research:

A research approach that emphasizes understanding human behavior and the reasons that govern such behavior, often through non-numerical data.

Contextual Analysis: The examination of the social, cultural, historical, and political contexts that shape and influence a particular case or phenomenon.