Sea-level rise

Definition

Sea-level rise refers to the increase in the average level of the world's oceans, primarily driven by two main factors: the melting of ice sheets and glaciers, and the thermal expansion of seawater as it warms. This phenomenon poses significant risks to coastal communities, ecosystems, and global security, as it can lead to increased flooding, loss of habitat, and displacement of populations.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) estimates that global sea levels could rise between 0.3 to 1.1 meters by 2100 if greenhouse gas emissions continue at current rates.
2. Sea-level rise threatens over 600 million people living in low-lying coastal areas around the world, increasing their vulnerability to flooding and storms.
3. Countries like Bangladesh and Maldives are particularly at risk due to their geographic location and high population densities along coastlines.
4. Rising sea levels can lead to saltwater intrusion into freshwater resources, affecting drinking water supplies and agriculture in coastal regions.
5. Mitigation efforts such as reducing carbon emissions and protecting natural ecosystems play a crucial role in slowing down sea-level rise and its impacts.

Review Questions

• How does sea-level rise contribute to the security challenges faced by coastal nations?
  • Sea-level rise creates security challenges for coastal nations by increasing the risk of flooding and displacement of populations. As rising waters encroach on land, communities may be forced to evacuate, leading to potential conflicts over resources like housing and water. This displacement can also create climate refugees who may seek refuge in neighboring countries, straining political relations and exacerbating existing tensions.
• Evaluate the effectiveness of adaptation strategies in mitigating the impacts of sea-level rise on vulnerable communities.
  • Adaptation strategies can be effective in mitigating the impacts of sea-level rise if they are well-planned and executed. Building sea walls, restoring wetlands, and implementing sustainable land-use practices can help protect vulnerable communities from flooding and erosion. However, the success of these strategies depends on adequate funding, community engagement, and a comprehensive understanding of local environmental conditions. If these factors are not addressed, adaptation efforts may fall short in protecting populations from the long-term effects of rising seas.
• Discuss the implications of sea-level rise for global inequality and international relations in the context of climate change.
  • Sea-level rise exacerbates global inequality as poorer nations often lack the resources to adapt effectively compared to wealthier countries. This disparity can lead to increased tension in international relations, especially when climate refugees seek asylum in more affluent nations. The failure of wealthier countries to assist vulnerable nations can also foster resentment and hinder global cooperation on climate change initiatives. Consequently, addressing sea-level rise requires not only environmental solutions but also equitable policies that consider social justice and international responsibility.

Related terms

coastal erosion: The process by which coastlines are eroded by wave action, tidal forces, or human activities, often exacerbated by rising sea levels.

climate refugees:

Individuals or groups who are forced to leave their homes due to environmental changes caused by climate change, including rising sea levels.

adaptation strategies: Plans and actions taken to adjust to the impacts of climate change, such as building sea walls or restoring natural barriers like mangroves to protect against flooding.