Relative permittivity, also known as the dielectric constant, is a measure of a material's ability to store electrical energy in an electric field relative to the vacuum. It reflects how much electric field is reduced within the material compared to the vacuum, influencing how capacitors behave when a dielectric is introduced. This property is essential for understanding the performance and efficiency of capacitors in circuits, especially when considering materials that can enhance charge storage and affect capacitance values.
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